Accuracy of pedicle screw placement is still an issue in spine surgery. Indeed, published rates of intraoperatively misplaced pedicle screws range from 10 to 40 percent.  Of that number, 2 to 10 percent have resulted in direct pathological consequences such as spinal cord damage.  Consequently, liability risk for spine surgeons are high.  PediGuard™, which is developed and marketed by SpineVision, is the first patented, wireless, hand-held drilling instrument capable of accurately detecting changes in tissue type, thus alerting surgeons to potential pedicular or vertebral breaches during pedicle screw site preparation.