Descriptive bibliography of the Anderson Zouaves
Unfortunately an official history of the Anderson Zouaves was never written after the war. Therefore anything that we know about the regiment is taken from the Official Records or other general documents such as A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion by Frederick H. Dyer. However, scattered through the histories of other regiments and among the pages of more specialist books are references to the regiment or to members of the regiment. You will find those books listed here. This will eventually become a long list and will be continually updated.
In some cases where the reference is only minor it will be transcribed and included here under its title. In other cases the book may be able to be borrowed by sending an email to the address on the home page.
Essential bibliography
The following list of books are, in my opinion, essential to a general understanding of the history of the Anderson Zouaves. They include the histories of other regiments in the brigade and other significant sources such as the official records.
De Trobriand, R. 1889,
Four Years with the Army of the Potomac, (trans. G. K. Dauchy), Boston, MA.
This book is available for loan.
Mark, Penrose G., 1911
Red, White and Blue Badge: Pennsylvanian Veteran Volunteers. A history of the 93rd Regiment known as the “Lebanon Infantry” and “One of the 300 Fighting Regiments” from September 12th, 1861 to June 27th, 1865,
This is probably the most comprehensive of all the histories written in respect of the regiments forming the brigade to which the Anderson Zouaves belonged. The original is out of print however, the Higginson Book company publishes it to order as one of its facsimile reprints. You can order a free catalogue from the Higginson website, but it is probably easier to order the book from Abebooks.com. As the book needs to be printed to order you need to allow a couple of months for delivery. Cost! About A$65 plus postage which means you won’t get much change out of A$100. This book is available for loan.
Newell, Capt. J. K. 1875,
“Ours” Annals of the 10th Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, in the Rebellion, Springfield MA.
This book is written mostly as a diary and as the 10th Mass was in the same division as the Anderson Zouaves it is as close to a day to day record of the regiments activities as you can get. There is one direct reference to the Anderson Zouaves which reads:
-
Saturday, October 12 (1861): Ordered to move camp to "Riverview", a high point about three miles from our present position, and complete an extensive earthwork which had been some time building. Four hundred men were detailed to clear up the ground. The Anderson Zouaves had moved from the place the day before, and there was no trouble in finding the camp, as we could smell it long before we could see it. The farmers living near the camp did not seem to regret the departure of the Zouaves from their vicinity. One lady who lived close by, said she frequently had dinner all prepared for her family, when a party of zoozoos would march in, cooly sit down to the table, eat up the dinner, and as cooly get up and march out, without as much as a "thank you".
-
Source: “Ours” Annals of the 10th Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, in the Rebellion, p. 53
The original is out of print however, the Higginson Book company publishes it to order as one of its facsimile reprints. You can order a free catalogue from the Higginson website, but it is probably easier to order the book from Abebooks.com. As the book needs to be printed to order you need to allow a couple of months for delivery. Cost! About A$65 plus postage which means you won’t get much change out of A$100. This book is available for loan.
Niebaum, J. H. 1931,
History of the Pittsburgh Washington Infantry 102nd (Old 13th) Regiment and its forebears 1792 to 1930, Pittsburgh, PA.
This book is available for loan.
Stewart, A.M. 1865,
Camp, March and Battlefield; or, Three years and a half with the Army of the Potomac, Philadelphia, PA.
The original is out of print however, the Higginson Book company publishes it to order as one of its facsimile reprints. You can order a free catalogue from the Higginson website, but it is probably easier to order the book from Abebooks.com. As the book needs to be printed to order you need to allow a couple of months for delivery. Cost! About A$65 plus postage which means you won’t get much change out of A$100. This book is available for loan.
Uhler, G. H.
Camps and Campaigns of the 93d Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, Lebanon, PA.
Unpublished manuscript in the collection of John Tierney
In 1898 and 1899 George Uhler, of Lebanon, Pennsylvania, published a series of weekly articles in the Lebanon Courier newspaper to present his detailed history of the 93rd Regiment of the Pennsylvania Volunteers in the Civil War. Uhler had served as a private in Company A of the 93d regiment.
According to the U. S. Federal Census, this historian George Uhler was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvia. He had been employed as a printer before he served in the war. After the war he was a railroad clerk in Lebanon. He was born circa 1835, and would have been in his 60s when he wrote this history of the 93d Regiment. In 1901, Uhler also authored the book Genealogy of the Uhler Family.
This manuscript was apparently Uhler's personal copy of the history he authored. Forty-six pages of this notebook have the newpaper clippings pasted onto them, beginning with the first page of the history to the last page.
The titles of the articles include: Camp Coleman; the Manassas Campaign; Yorktown and Williamsburg; Fair Oaks; Seven Days Battles; Chantilly and Antietam; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville, Salem Church and Marye's Heighths; Gettysburg; Mine Run - Harpers Ferry; The Wilderness Campaign; Petersburg; Washington and the Shenandoah Valley; Petersburg and Appamattox; Reunions; Muster Out Rolls;
Included are full lists of casualties, battle details of this 93d Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry.
These newspaper articles were never published and there are only two other copies of this history, both as collections of newpaper clippings, like this manuscript. One is in the collection of the US Army Military History Institute at Carlisle, PA and the other is at the State Library of Pennsylvania. Uhler’s Manuscript has many amendments and appears to have been a preparation for publication.
Provenance: This manuscript was purchased from the estate auction of Dr. John J. B. Light, a book collector in Lebanon, Pennsylvania.
It is hoped that this manuscript will be edited and published in the near future.
More to come soon . . .
General bibliography
The following list of books contain information about the regiment and the brigade. While the information is often not essential it does provide much of the colourful detail that can make a good conversation over a beer. Because some of the information is brief it may appear within the accompanying description or on a separate linked page.
A Biographical History of Tippecanoe, White, Jasper, Newton, Benton, Warren and Pulaski Counties, Lewis Publishing Company, Indiana 1899. pp. 161-163.
Alphabetical List of The Battles of the War of the Rebellion, Compiled from the Official Records of the office of the Adjutant-General and the Surgeon General, U.S.A. and A Roster of all the Regimental Surgeons and Assistant Surgeons in the Late War and Hospital Service Reprinted with a New Index to Names and Introduction by Ira M. Rutkow, M.D., Dr. P.H.the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Washington, D.C. : G.M. Van Buren, 1883
Includes an Roster of Regimental Surgeons begining on page 70. It lists those that served with the Anderson Zouaves.
-
Page 205.
-
62d Infantry –(Anderson's Zouaves)– Mustered out August 30, 1865.
-
Balser, Wm Ass't S. 218 E. 13th st., N. Y. To 29th Inf., Dec., 1862; also 15th Heavy Artillery.
-
Simpson, Geo. B. F. Surgeon 861 Broad st., Newark, N. J. To December, 1863.
-
Reagles, James Ass't S. From April, 1864.
-
Grimes, Francis S. Surgeon To June, 1864.
-
Biblack, Wm. W. Ass't S. To April, 1863.
-
Bamber, Alex. " To April, 1863.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1926,
Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
-
Page 1355.
-
Mr. Up[s]on was born at Westfield, Mass., July 23, 1841, was graduated from the Massachusetts State Normal School in 1860, and upon the outbreak of the Civil War enlisted in the 62d New York Infantry. He served throughout the War in the Army of the Potomac, going through the battles of Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, and the Wilderness.
-
After being mustered out of the service, Mr. Upson went to work for the Hartford Carpet Co., which is now the Bigelow-Hartford Carpet Co. He remained with this...
Beyer, W.B. & Keydel, O.F. 1994,
Deeds of valor: How America’s Civil War heroes won the Congressional Medal of Honor, Stamford, CT.
A compendium of the personal reminiscences and records of soldiers awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor during the Civil War. This book contains the stories of how Corporal Edward Browne Jr and Color Sergeant, Charles E. Morse, both of the Anderson Zouaves, earned their medals. Details about each of the three recipients follows:
Private James R. Evans, Company “H”, for saving the regimental flag at the Battle of of the Wilderness, VA, May 5, 1864. Citation: Went out in front of the line under a fierce fire and, in the face of the rapidly advancing enemy, rescued the regimental flag with which the color bearer had fallen. While Evans is mentioned in the index of the book as a recipient of the Medal of Honor, his individual story is not told.
Also included in this book is the story of how Corporal Peter McAdams of Company “A” of the 98th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry (same brigade as the Anderson Zouaves) won his Medal of Honor.
This book is available for loan.
Coates, E. J., McAfee, M. J., Troiani, D., 2002,
Don Troiani's Regiments and Uniforms of the Civil War
This reference from Don Troiani’s book claims that the flank companies of the Anderson Zouaves wore the "full-rigged zouave uniform" by which it is assumed that the Company "I" uniform is being referred to. There is no reference for this bit of information which was probably written by J. McAfee. As there was only one company in the Anderson Zouaves which wore the full zouave uniform having both flanks guarded would necessarily require splitting the company or having a second company in the uniform.
-
Page 38.
-
Where Zouave and chasseur uniforms were common throughout the war, there were few true Frenchmen wearing them. The old 55th Regiment of the New York State Militia–in existence since the 1840s as a company of French Americans–was hard-pressed to fill its ranks with volunteers of French ancestry; nevertheless, it infantry went to war in a version of the French campaign uniform, and its Zouaves were as splendidly attired as any North African regiment. A few French veterans found their way into the 62nd New York, the Anderson Zouaves, whose flank companies also wore a full-rigged Zouave uniform, but for the most part there was more influence than service from French immigrants, whose actual number were few in wartime America.
Dubbs, C.K. 2002,
Defend This Old Town: Williamsburg During The Civil War, Louisiana State University Press. 406 pages.
This book is available for loan.
Duval, S. 1864,
The Civil War Diary of Capt. Samuel Duvall, July-October 1864: Company E, 102nd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 6th Corps. Transcribed by David M. Neville. Export, PA.
This copy of this document is available for loan.
Ellis, T.T. 1863,
Leaves from the diary of an army surgeon or, Incidents of field, camp, and hospital life, New York, NY.
This is a digital book available on CD as a multipage PDF by contacting the above email or can be found at the Making of America digital library online by clicking on the following link.
Don Ernsberger, 2004,
Paddy Owen's Regulars: A History Of The 69th Pennsylvania Irish Volunteers.
-
Joining Company K on the same day as the Sixty-ninth approached [C]old harbor were two men who would not survive the war. Private Cornelius Dougherty was Irish born and worked as a boatman on the Delaware Canal hauling freight from Easton, Pennsylvania, to Bristol, Pennsylvania. On May 19, 1864, he quite his job and job and joined the Sixty-ninth Pennsylvania. He would be wounded at Cold Harbor in the left wrist and die of infection July 1, 1864. Private Patrick Welsh, at age thirty-four, had joined the Sixty-ninth in May. Welsh was a veteran of three-year service with the Sixty-second New York regiment and reenlisted into the Irish from Philadelphia. He would be wounded at Hatcher's Run II and die in the division hospital.
-
Source: Paddy Owen's Regulars: A History Of The 69th Pennsylvania Irish Volunteers, p. 835
Greene, C. S. 1866,
Thrilling stories of the great rebellion.
This book contains a short story about Private Henry Oehl’s escape from a group of rebels. Oehl was 18 years old when he was enlisted by Captain Albert V. Meeks on July 16, 1861 (another document records a date of July 18) at New York City as a Private. He is said to have been mustered in to Company "G" on August 15 which was before he enlisted, so clearly Oehl's records are messed up. He mustered out at Petersburg, VA on June 30, 1864. There is no mention in Oehl's records of him ever being wounded so the wounding in the following story must have gone unrecorded or was not as serious as it sounds. While the following event is undated it most likely happened in late June 1862 (perhaps the 26th or 27th) when the Anderson Zouaves were in the vicinity of White Oak Swamp during the change of base to the James River and the Seven Days Battles.
-
The chase was a keen one.
-
An incident of adventure characteristic of the Anderson Zouaves, and of rigorous barbarism characteristic of the blood-earnest warfare of these rebels. One day, Henry Oehl, of company G, Anderson Zouaves, with a comrade went forward to a distant farm house, to get information and enlarge his topographical knowledge of Virginia. The farmer came into the yard, and a conversation sprang up between the three.
-
"Suddenly," said Oehl, "twenty rebel soldiers rose like ghosts from the edge of the woods just beyond the house, and rushed towards us, calling to us to surrender. Not being much in that line of business, we raised our pieces and let fly at them." They returned the fire. A ball struck Oehl's right hand, knocked his musket out of it, and entered the abdomen at the centre, and went out at the left side. To run had now become a duty. Oehl doubled the corner of the house, and made for the nearest recesses of the White Oak Swamp, via a corn-field, and the bushy covers of a line of old rail-fence. The chase was a keen one…
-
Embosomed in the swamp, he watched his own hurt, and plugged the wound through his abdomen with his fingers. Soon he saw his pursuers return to the house, talk a moment with the farmer, and gesticulate forcibly to the doomed man. Some seized him, and some entered his house. The hidden Zouave was near enough to the building to catch the sounds within of
-
the shrieking of children. Immediately these rushed out of the door, followed by a smoke, and soon by a flame. The ruffians burned the Virginian's house over his head, for the crime of talking with Northern soldiers who entered his yard.
-
Perhaps the most ridiculous dress donned in preparation for meeting the enemy in battle was worn by officers of numerous Zouave units that were raised in the North. When Col. John L. Riker led his men from Camp Astor to a Washington-bound train, he was a sight to see. His light blue trousers, extremely baggy, were topped by a loose jacket of darker blue. Wearing a crimson shirt, the Zouave officer displayed on his head a red fez whose long blue tassel was decorated with gold.
-
Source: Thrilling stories of the great rebellion, p. 164
Garrison, W. 1994,
Civil war curiosities : strange stories, oddities, events, and coincidences, Nashville, TN.
This book contains a short and rather unflattering paragraph describing the uniform of Colonel John Lafayette Riker under the chapter title of “From the sublime to the ridiculous”.
-
Perhaps the most ridiculous dress donned in preparation for meeting the enemy in battle was worn by officers of numerous Zouave units that were raised in the North. When Col. John L. Riker led his men from Camp Astor to a Washington-bound train, he was a sight to see. His light blue trousers, extremely baggy, were topped by a loose jacket of darker blue. Wearing a crimson shirt, the Zouave officer displayed on his head a red fez whose long blue tassel was decorated with gold.
-
Source: Civil War curiosities, p. 223
This book is available for loan.
Hayner, R. 1877,
Troy and Rensselaer county, New York; A history, New York & Chicago, 1925.
This book contains a short reference to the recruiting of Trojans (Troy, New York) for Company “E” of the Anderson Zouaves.
-
In the following named regiments, Troy had furnished at least one company in each: Second New York, all Trojans; Thirtieth New York, nearly all Trojans ; Twenty-second, New York ; First Long Island ; Anderson's Zouaves ; Harris Light Cavalry ; Ira Harris Guards ; Serrell Engineer Corps; Ninety-third New York; One Hundred and Fourth New York; One Hundred and Twenty-fifth New York (Troy regiment) ; One Hundred and Sixty-ninth (Troy regiment), Colonel Willard commanded the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth ; Colonel Buell the One Hundred and Sixty-ninth; both were killed in battle. A company recruited for the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth New York having failed to be assigned to the regiment, was declared supernumerary, and Colonel Wil-lard proposed breaking up the company, and assigned the men to other regiments. This move was strongly opposed by Capt. J. A. Colvin and , First Lieut. Jerome B. Parmenter and they, proceeding to Washington, obtained orders to form a new regiment. This action resulted in the formation of the One Hundred and Sixty-ninth New York Volunteers.
-
Source: Troy and Rensselaer County, New York; A history, pp. 227-228
Haythornt, R. 1877,
Troy and Rensselaer county, New York; A history, New York & Chicago, 1925.
This book contains a short reference to the recruiting of Trojans (Troy, New York) for Company “E” of the Anderson Zouaves.
-
In the following named regiments, Troy had furnished at least one company in each: Second New York, all Trojans; Thirtieth New York, nearly all Trojans ; Twenty-second, New York ; First Long Island ; Anderson's Zouaves ; Harris Light Cavalry ; Ira Harris Guards ; Serrell Engineer Corps; Ninety-third New York; One Hundred and Fourth New York; One Hundred and Twenty-fifth New York (Troy regiment) ; One Hundred and Sixty-ninth (Troy regiment), Colonel Willard commanded the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth ; Colonel Buell the One Hundred and Sixty-ninth; both were killed in battle. A company recruited for the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth New York having failed to be assigned to the regiment, was declared supernumerary, and Colonel Wil-lard proposed breaking up the company, and assigned the men to other regiments. This move was strongly opposed by Capt. J. A. Colvin and, First Lieut. Jerome B. Parmenter and they, proceeding to Washington, obtained orders to form a new regiment. This action resulted in the formation of the One Hundred and Sixty-ninth New York Volunteers.
-
Source: Troy and Rensselaer County, New York; A history, p. 227-228
Helm, J.B. 1981,
Tenleytown, D.C. country village into city neighborhood, Washington, DC.
This book is available for loan.
Hill, H. W. and Downs, W. S., 1923,
Municipality of Buffalo, New York: A History, 1720-1923, Lewis Historical Pub. Co, 1923.
-
Thirty-third Infantry—Not long after the news came from Sumter, Theodore B. Hamilton, of Buffalo, raised a company of infantry in Erie county. For a while it was known as the Richmond Guards, so named in honor of Dean Richmond, a prominent Buffalonian. It proceeded to Elmira under command of Captain Hamilton, and there on May 21, 1861, became a company of the 33rd Regiment of New York Infantry, then organized. As Company G of that regiment, the unit left with others five days later for Washington. After two months of garrisoning and drilling at that point, the regiment marched into Virginia and constructed Fort Ethan Allen, about six miles northwest of Washington. The subsequent record of the 33rd Regiment may be followed by reference to that of the 49th Regiment, down to the battle of Chancellorsville, the two regiments being of the same division. On the 28th of June, 1862, Captain Hamilton, of Company G, 33rd Regiment, was captured with several of his men. He was soon exchanged. On May 3, 1863, the 33rd was one of twenty-four regiments selected to storm Marye's Heights, south of Fredericksburg, and distinguished itself in the fighting of that day Captain Hamilton eventually became lieutenant-colonel of the 62nd New York Infantry, the captain of Company G, 33rd Regiment, at time of mustering out, being George A. Gale.
-
Source: Municipality of Buffalo, New York: A History, 1720-1923, p. 305
Kerr, M. 1955,
‘In love and friendship’, in The Staten Island Historian, vol. XVI, no. 4, Oct. – Dec. 1955, pp. 28–30 Staten Island, NY.
Keyes, E.D. & Suydam, C.C, 1877,
‘The following correspondence is addressed to all the surviving officers and men of the Fourth Corps, Army of the Potomac’, Pamphlet*, 8pp, New York, NY.
An original copy of this pamphlet is available from the collection of John Tierney. A transcript of the document will be put on line soon.
Lyman, P.W., 1866,
History of Easthampton: its settlement and growth; its material, educational, and religious interests, together with a genealogical record of its original families.
Payson Lyman's history of the town of Easthampton, Massachusetts, one of the four "Hamptons" situated in the western part of the state, was published in the aftermath of the Civil War. There is a lengthy chapter on Easthampton's service in the Civil War. Virtually every person who participated in the conflict is identified and dates of service, and those Union soldiers from Easthampton who paid the supreme sacrifice are described in some detail. Mr. Lyman's history concludes with detailed genealogical sketches of the following founding families: Chapman, Clapp, Clark, Ferry, Hannum, Hendrick, Janes, Knight, Ludden, Lyman, Parsons, Phelps, Pomeroy, White, Williston, Wood, and Wright.
-
Chapter IX. The Civil War. – Service of Our Soldiers. – Record of Our Dead. (pp. 109 – 140).
-
Page 111.
-
Albert S. Gove, Salmon H. Lyman, and Richard Goodsell, went to New York, and enlisted in a regiment known as the Anderson Zouaves. Of these three, the first mentioned went through the whole three years of his enlistment without a wound, although he was in many, if not all of the battles in which the army of the Potomac were engaged up to the time of his discharge. For a portion of the time, he was engaged in detached service at the headquarters of Gen. Wheaton. Salmon H. Lyman, after serving about one year, was taken sick and died. Before his sickness he was with McClellan, on the Peninsula, and fought at the battle of Williamsburg.
-
Page 131.
-
Salmon H. Lyman, son of Dennis Lyman, one of the first to volunteer, was the first to fall. In the first summer of the war, when the soldiers were rallying to the standard, he went to New York, joined the regiment known as the Anderson Zouaves, was home once on a furlough, spent one winter in camp, started out with McClellan on his Peninsular campaign, and fought at the battle of Williamsburg, soon after which he was taken sick, and removed to New York, where he died. His remains were brought to his home, where they were buried with military honors, on the 18th of September, 1862.
Moore, F. (ed), 1889,
The Civil War in song and story 1860 – 1865, New York, NY.
During the Civil War Frank Moore compiled the Rebellion Record from news sources. After the war he edited together this collection of stories one of which concerns the death of Colonel Riker.
-
Page 460.
-
COLONEL RIKER, of the Anderson Zouaves, was killed at the battle of Fair Oaks. He was shot in the right side, while turning around to cheer on his men, the ball coming out in front. Riker rode upon a white horse, and was a prominent figure for the enemy's marksmen. He had, previous to going into action, a presentiment that he was to meet his death. He gave to Lieutenant Bradley, his aid, some tokens of love for the friends at home, and went bravely into the fight. When the fatal shot was fired, he had just turned around to the Zouaves, who were hemmed in, and cried out, "Boys, we are surrounded - give them cold steel now." Suddenly dropping from his horse, the gallant spirit had fled forever.
Moore, J. 1867,
A Complete History of the Great Rebellion: or, the Civil War in the United States, 1861-1865, Philadelphia, PA.
-
Page 161
-
Peck, in the meantime, advancing up the road near York river, encountered the enemy's centre. He stood in the open space near Fort Magruder, and though assailed by its shot and shell, and the deadly fire from the rifle pits, held his ground with tenacious firmness all day, being sheltered by pine woods. While it was thus with the left and centre, General Hancock moved on the extreme right, and having occupied some earthworks, was assailed in the afternoon by a large force of the enemy...
-
Page 169-170
-
On the last day of May, 1862, the long roll beat, and Casey's whole division was under arms. It was noon, and four regiments and four cannon were sent to meet the enemy. The latter, under General J. E. Johnston, came on in three heavy columns. Hill and Longstreet were on the wings, which were widely extended. Some of the Federal regiments gallantly maintained their ground for hours, and Regan's artillery made great havoc among them with grape, canister, and shells. The Confederates relied on superior numbers, and their small arms, and in a hand to hand conflict broke the Union line of battle. Several regiments being panic-stricken at this juncture, ignominiously fled to the Chickahominy. General Peck and his officers did all that brave men could to arrest their flight, but their efforts were unavailing. The crowd of fugitives increased, and powerful men, with muskets in their hands, feigning sickness and limping along, were not restrained even by the line drawn across the road a little further on, but continued through the fields their disgraceful flight to the river. Casey's division was gone. Staff officers, sent by Keyes for help, found Heintzelman already advancing. He had divined the presence of a large force, and sent back for the brigades of Kearney, Birney, and Berry. And soon they came. The 55th New York was ordered up to the fight but faltered. The 62d New York, amid the raining shells, moved boldly on, determined to conquer. Officers animated their troops, who presented an undaunted front to the enemy, From half past one o'clock the Ceafederates (sic) had the advantage. Generals Couch and Peck, finding them massing on the Union right toward Fair Oaks, met them in the woods, and held then in check till, overpowered by numbers, the federals were compelled to fall back. Peck's horse was killed under him, but this brave leader mounted another and still encouraged his men.
Naisawald, L. Vanloan, 1994,
Grape and Canister: The Story of the Field Artillery of the Army of the Potomac, 1861 to 1865.
-
Pages 59-60
-
Sedgwick's division successfully crossed the Grapevine Bride and reached the field in time to stem the tide. It was about 4:30 P.M. when Kirby trotted up to the Federal position near the Adams house, three
-
Napoleons and one caisson bouncing along behind him, The rest of his battery was still struggling to extricate itself Sumner ordered Kirby to put guns in battery about seventy yards from the Adams house, facing south toward Fair Oaks, their right resting on a strip of woods. Brady, with two pieces from his battery, shifted across the road to bolster the growing Union line, Kirby's guns had barely been unhooked before the woods a thousand yards distant disgorged advancing regiments of enemy infantry. Kirby opened fire. The Confederates headed for the woods to the battery's right flank.
-
Kirby and Fagan were now firing to the right oblique into the woods across the road. At that instant Lieutenant Woodruff arrived with two more of the Battery I's pieces. The battery commander ordered Woodruff to move in on the left and open on the woods through which the Rebels were advancing. The five guns began a rhythmic fire, only to have the trail of the number two piece snap at the fourth discharge. This unfortunate stroke of luck was quickly remedied when another of Kirby's lieutenants reined up with the remaining Napoleon of the battery splashing through the slop behind him. Once more, five pieces boomed case and shell. In short time the supply of spherical case and shell gave out and Kirby switched to solid shot, the enemy being beyond effective canister range, while two limbers careered down the road to replenish from the mired caissons.
-
The limbers returned and the guns switched back to the fragmenting projectiles. The Rebel infantry tightened its ranks and went after the battery again. At 500 yards range, Kirby calmly called for canister. The Confederates halted and let go a volley that killed one of Kirby's men and wounded four others. But the fire of the guns and the supporting infantry proved too costly and the attackers fell back.
-
A moment later there was a flurry of movement on the right flank, and the battery saw another column of infantry move down a wood road. heading for the general direction of the battery's right flank. Kuby shifted his alignment, throwing his left guns forward and turning the axis of fire toward this unidentified column. Then they saw the red, starred battle flags of the Confederacy. The long column was still pouring out of the woods as Kirby called for canister. The tin containers and their powder charges were rammed home. Kirby gave the command to fire, and the five Napoleons recoiled as one. Fire at will was now the order. The shiny smoothbores banged out an uneven staccato.
-