Formerly known as Gluon, web2py is new python web framework. It started as a proof of concept but it really works great. I find it much easier to use but more powerful than other frameworks. I will maintain the basic API described in the documentation.
Just download the Windows/Mac or Unix (source) version and click on runme. web2py includes web server and SQL database. For development you do not need anything else.
The main differences between this framework and others is that all the development, deployment and maintenance of applications can be done via a web interface. web2py includes a ticketing system to handle application errors and it allows to byte-code compile applications for speed and distribution. This makes web2py applications about 20 times faster the RoR ones.