When to call a thoracic surgeon

Trauma

Pleural effusion

Empyema

Pneumothorax

• Primary
• Secondary

Lung cancer

Oesophageal cancer

• Curative
• Palliative

Sympathectomy

Chest wall

Metastasectomy

Massive haemoptysis

Benign oesophageal

• Dysmotilities
  • Achalasia
  • Nutcracker
  • Diffuse spasm
  • Diverticulae
• GORD
  • Stricture
  • Barrett's
  • Para-oesophageal
  • Failed medical

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